2011	Ph.D. — Marketing — Washington State University
	Dissertation: Entrepreneurial Innovation: Patent Rank and Marketing Science
	Co-chairs: U.N. Umesh (WSU) and Gerry Tellis (USC)
	Sheth Foundation Doctoral Consortium Fellow (2010)

2011	M.S. — Statistics — Washington State University
	Advisor: Nairanjana (Jan) Dasgupta
	Project: Many-to-one comparison of nonlinear growth curves for Washington's Red Delicious apple

2006	M.B.A. — Marketing Research — Brigham Young University
	Mentors: Scott Smith (qualtrics.com), Gary Rhoads
	Hawes Dean's Scholar, 720 GMAT

1997	Mathematics — Brigham Young University
	Physics & Spanish minors
	Two-year religious-service mission to Argentina (1992-1994)
	Elks Scholar; Trustee Scholar; National Honor Society Member

August 2012 —	Assistant Visiting Professor of Marketing
	Eller College of Management, University of Arizona
	Courses: Integrated Marketing Communications, Creating and Managing Brands

August 2011 —	Research Fellow, McGuire Center for Entrepreneurship
	Eller College of Management, University of Arizona
	Duties: Develop a sustainable research data repository based on U.S. Patent data: Commercialization Research on Innovation and Research (CRIE)

August 1997 — 2011	Teaching Assistant / Instructor
	Washington State University
	Courses: Internet Marketing, Principles of Marketing (online), Marketing Research, Marketing Management, International Marketing
	Ph.D. Coordinator: Jeff Joireman
	Project: Promotion Orientation Explains Why Future-Oriented People Exercise and Eat Healthy: Evidence From the Two-Factor Consideration of Future Consequences-14 Scale

2000 — 2003	Senior Software Engineer
	Universal Internet (Carmel, CA)
1996 — 2000	Math instructor / IT specialist
	Alpine School District (Highland, UT)
August 1997 —	Innovation, Marketing, and Internet Consulting
	mshaffer.com

2012	Jeff Joireman, Monte J. Shaffer, Daniel Balliet, and Alan Strathman link implications PDF
	Promotion Orientation Explains Why Future-Oriented People Exercise and Eat Healthy: Evidence From the Two-Factor Consideration of Future Consequences-14 Scale, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin October 2012; vol. 38, 10: pp. 1272-1287.
	The authors extended research linking individual differences in consideration of future consequences (CFC) with health behaviors by (a) testing whether individual differences in regulatory focus would mediate that link and (b) highlighting the value of a revised, two-factor CFC-14 scale with subscales assessing concern with future consequences (CFC-Future) and concern with immediate consequences (CFC-Immediate) proper. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the revised CFC-14 scale supported the presence of two highly reliable factors (CFC-Future and CFC-Immediate; alphas from .80 to .84). Moreover, structural equation modeling showed that those high in CFC-Future engage in exercise and healthy eating because they adopt a promotion orientation. Future use of the two-factor CFC-14 scale is encouraged to shed additional light on how concern with future and concern with immediate consequences (proper) differentially impact the way people resolve a host of intertemporal dilemmas (e.g., health, financial, and environmental behavior)
2012	Nairanjana (Jan) Dasgupta, Monte J. Shaffer link PDF
	Many-to-one comparison of nonlinear growth curves for Washington's Red Delicious apple, Journal of Applied Statistics 39 (8), 1781 - 1795.
	In this article, we are interested in comparing growth curves for the Red Delicious apple in several locations to that of a reference site. Although such multiple comparisons are common for linear models, statistical techniques for nonlinear models are not prolific. We theoretically derive a test statistic, considering the issues of sample size and design points. Under equal sample sizes and same design points, our test statistic is based on the maximum of an equi-correlated multivariate chi-square distribution. Under unequal sample sizes and design points, we derive a general correlation structure, and then utilize the multivariate normal distribution to numerically compute critical points for the maximum of the multivariate chi-square. We apply this statistical technique to compare the growth of Red Delicious apples at six locations to a reference site in the state of Washington in 2009. Finally, we perform simulations to verify the performance of our proposed procedure for Type I error and marginal power. Our proposed method performs well in regard to both.

February 2013	AMA Winter Conference, Las Vegas: "Characteristics of Global Innovation: Comparing Innovation Hotspots among Emerging and Developed Markets" with Nita Umashankar and U.N. Umesh
November 2012	Patent Statistics Conference for Decision Makers, OECD, Paris: "Entrepreneurial Innovation: Identifying Schumpeterian Shocks and Kirznerian Competition using Patent Rank" with co-authors Francesco Romani, Gianna Del Corso, and U.N. Umesh.
June 2012	Conference on Intellectual Property and Innovation, Kauffman Foundation and Searle Center on Law, Regulation, and Economic Growth at Northwestern Law, Chicago
June 2012	Marketing Science Conference, Boston
	1: Predicting a patent's lifetime value using Patent Rank (with Len Jessup, U.N. Umesh*, and Avi Datta).
	2: Patent Data Center II: Proof of Concept at the University of Arizona (with Len Jessup).
	3: Leveraging Capabilities for New Product Development: How Emerging Firms Succeed in Biotech (with Rakesh Niraj* and Andrew Gallan).
November 2011	Patent Statistics Conference for Decision Makers, USPTO, Washington D.C.
June 2011	Marketing Science Conference, Houston
	1: Patent Rank (with U.N. Umesh, Gerry Tellis, Gianna Del Corso, and Francesco Romani).
	2: Patent Data Center: Ideas for Development (with U.N. Umesh*).

I define the intrinsic value of a patent based on citation network analysis. My methodology I have labeled "Patent Rank" in analogy to Google's PageRank algorithm. This more refined measure should supplant the traditional measure (known as forward-citation counts): if not all patents are equal, why would we equally weight every forward citation? My dissertation consisted of four essays. In the first, I demonstrate that Patent Rank is superior to the traditional measure. In the second, I outline a generalized model for Patent Rank and anchor "Entrepreneurial Innovation" studies through the Austrian economic lens. In the third, I create a prediction model to estimate a patent's lifetime value. In the fourth, I demonstrate the financial implications of Patent Rank on firm performance. Based on Patent Rank defined in my dissertation, the following projects are underway with current target specified:

The RAND Journal of Economics	Patent Rank: Measuring the Network Dynamics of Patent Citations (with U.N. Umesh, Gerard Tellis, Gianna Del Corso, and Francesco Romani)
	Revised from Essay 1 of Dissertation being drafted from PDF
2012 Patent Statistics Conference	Entrepreneurial Innovation: Identifying Schumpeterian Shocks and Kirznerian Competition using Patent Rank (with Gianna Del Corso, U.N. Umesh, and Francesco Romani)
	Revised from Essay 2 of Dissertation PDF
Journal of Business Venturing (JBV)	Predicting a Patent's Lifetime Value (PLV) using Patent Rank (with Len Jessup, U.N. Umesh and Avi Datta)
	Revised from Essay 3 of Dissertation PDF
Journal of Marketing Research	Patent Rank and Firm Performance (with Gerry Tellis, U.N. Umesh and Alina Sorescu)
	Revised from Essay 4 of Dissertation (early stages)
Information Systems Research	Innovation and the 24-hour Knowledge Factory (with Amar Gupta and Avi Datta)
Administrative Science Quarterly	Foundational Innovations (with Amar Gupta and U.N. Umesh [and possibly Iain Cockburn])
Marketing Science	Leveraging Capabilities for New Product Development: How Emerging Firms Succeed in Biotech (with Andrew Gallan and Rakesh Niraj)
Marketing Science Special Issue	Characteristics of Global Innovation: Comparing Innovation Hotspots among Emerging and Developed Markets (with Nita Umashankar, Amar Gupta, and U.N. Umesh)
Research Policy	Identifying Innovation Hotspots using Patent Rank (with graduate assistant Li Li)
Patent(s) Pending	A provisional patent has been filed for the methodologies described in the dissertation which consists of two major claims: (1) an algorithm to define Patent Rank, and (2) a process to predict a patent's potential value.

Although Entrepreneurial Innovation is the foundation of my research program, I am also interested in understanding consumers, decision makers, and markets:

Journal of Marketing	Make versus Buy: Marketing Rationale as a Basis for Entrepreneurs' Outsourcing Decisions (with U.N. Umesh, Len Jessup, Harry Khamis and Sanjay Mishra)
	Revised from Second-Year Paper being drafted from PDF
?	Assemblages of Innovation: Working with Linda Price and Ph.D. student Sangeetha Venkataramani, we are working to empirically understand innovation in an assemblage framework.

As Chicago's CRSP project is the data repository for daily financial data, here at the University of Arizona we are developing a repository of U.S. patent data known as CRIE (Commercialization Research on Innovation and Entrepreneurship).

Over the past 5 years I have been harvesting, parsing, and extracting variables from the U.S. patent data (over 8 million patents). This data has been organized into over 20 tables in a database (with over 60 million records).

A primary goal of CRIE is to make patent data more accessible for academic consumption. The organization of the data into a relational database enables academics to perform queries and return panels of data.

With efforts to make CRIE viable, we are utilizing grant moneys and other financial assistance to develop a "sustainable research model." Additional benefits beyond what is available for the free version of CRIE will offer viable revenue streams.

Marketing Science	reviewer
Journal of Service Research	reviewer
Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation	reviewer
Journal of Applied Statistics	reviewer

AMA	American Marketing Association
ASA	American Statistical Association
Sheth	2010 Sheth Foundation Doctoral Consortium Fellow

2012 Finance	I prepared a workshop for the finance department (harvesting/parsing SEC data). I had over 25 participants. See video for more details.
2012 Content Analysis	I managed the development of software to do custom contextual analysis using concept-matching (latent semantic indexing). See video for more details.

University of Arizona
Spring 2013	Instructor: Digital Media Marketing (Internet Marketing Design)
Fall 2012 Spring 2013	Instructor: Integrated Marketing Communications
Washington State University
Spring 2010 Fall 2010 Spring 2011	Instructor: Principles of Marketing (online)
Fall 2009	Instructor: Internet Marketing Design
Fall 2008 Spring 2009 Spring 2010	TA: Marketing Research (with Ph.D. coordinator Jeff Joireman)
Fall 2007 Spring 2008	TA: Marketing Management, International Marketing (with Yany Gregoire)

Please click on a small image to get a hi-resolution version of the image.

Monte J. Shaffer

Monte J. Shaffer is an Assistant Visiting Professor at the University of Arizona. He received his Ph.D. in Marketing from Washington State University in 2011. Monte studies innovation, primarily using patent data. Utilizing his unique skills in mathematics, data mining, market research, computer algorithms, Monte has been developing a patent data repository for academics, see http://crie.org/.

"Monte from Montana" was born and raised near Glacier National Park. He is a strong, sober mind that likes to solve problems in order to help people. Following in his father's footsteps, he began teaching high school mathematics (BYU: mathematics with minors in Physics and Spanish). The excitement of the dot-com era led Monte to Monterey California where he became a Senior Software Engineer doing web-application development for an Internet Company. Following the bubble-burst, he returned to BYU (MBA: Marketing Research). Monte is concurrently received his Ph.D. in Marketing and a M.S. in Statistics at WSU in Pullman, Washington. Generally, he likes to identify innovative statistical techniques that can help solve marketing problems. Outside of Marketing, Monte enjoys his family, a good game of basketball, golf, and chess.

Entrepreneurial Proclivity

Monte's interests in marketing strategy are related to entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial startups, and their perceptions. Specifically, how do they make sense of the information they perceive in the market place and how do these perceptions influence their marketing strategies for their entrepreneurial ideas.

Make vs. Buy - Marketing Rationale as a Basis for Entrepreneurs' Outsourcing Configuration

The strategic decision to outsource organizational functions is an important part of marketing strategy. This research compares and contrasts the marketing rationale of entrepreneurial CEOs on the firm's outsourcing configuration: perceptions of strategic focus, the competitive environment, and internal control/tenure. A multistep-multiscale bootstrapping algorithm is used to measure the stability of a hierarchical cluster which classifies an entrepreneur's competitive outlook; competing on: costs, brand, and/or quality. A model-based Gaussian mixture algorithm is used to classify entrepreneurial CEO control: managers, partners, and control-freaks. With the marketing rationale appropriately classified, two different log-linear analyses are performed which provide complementary findings. The first analysis uses a non-hierarchical model, Poisson regression, and verifies that current outsourcing configurations relate to rationale regarding market competition, internal constraints (level of control and tenure), and the CEO's strategic focus. The second analysis applies an innovative statistical technique known as multigraph representations on a decomposable hierarchical log-linear model, generating class, to create statements of independence among the variables considered. Implications of these findings are discussed for entrepreneurial startups and firms transitioning from the founder to a new CEO.

Proximity to markets and consumption patterns among foragers from the Heart of Central Africa

Working with an archaelogist with interesting data, we wanted to study raw consumerism from a marketing perspective: materialism (hi/lo), I vs. we (hunting technique), distance from commercial market, hunting success, hedonic vs utilitarian goods in Forager culture, signaling with faunal remains (Bones), etc.